《植物生理学报》 2013, 49(8): 722-728

有机无机复合肥配施对甜瓜植株生长发育和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

张永平, 陈幼源*, 杨少军, 许爽

上海市农业科学院园艺研究所, 上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室, 上海201403

通信作者：陈幼源；E-mail: yy12@saas.sh.cn；Tel: 021-52630133

摘　要：

以‘哈密红’甜瓜为试验材料, 通过田间小区试验, 研究了有机无机复合肥配施对甜瓜植株生长发育、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数和吸收光能分配的影响。结果显示, 从整个生育期看, 与不施肥(CK1)和习惯施肥(CK2)相比, 有机无机复合肥合理配施(T2)促进了甜瓜植株生长发育, 提高了叶片的叶绿素含量、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、实际光化学效率(ФPSII)、光系统II光能捕获效率(Fv’/Fm’)、光化学荧光猝灭(qP)和PSII用于光化学反应的能量(P), 降低了初始荧光(Fo)和PSII吸收光能用于天线色素耗散的能量(D)。研究结果表明, 在本试验条件下, 有机肥20 844 kg·hm-2+复合肥1 109 kg·hm-2配施(T2)效果最佳, 有利于甜瓜植株叶片叶绿素含量的积累和对光能的捕获与转化, 从而促进生长。

关键词：有机无机复合肥; 甜瓜; 生长发育; 叶绿素荧光特性

收稿：2013-03-27   修定：2013-06-20

资助：上海市科技成果转化项目(123919N1800)、上海市闵行区科技项目(2012MH102)和上海市西甜瓜产业体系项目

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Compound Fertilizer Application on Growth and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics in Melon Plants

ZHANG Yong-Ping, CHEN You-Yuan*, YANG Shao-Jun, XU Shuang

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricul-tural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China

Corresponding author: CHEN You-Yuan; E-mail: yy12@saas.sh.cn; Tel: 021-52630133

Abstract:

Through the plot experiment, effects of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer application on growth, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and excitation energy dissipation were investigated in ‘Hamihong’ melon. The results showed: compared with no fertilizer (CK1) and the conventional fertilization (CK2), under the treatment of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer application properly (T2), the plants growth, chlorophyll content, photochemical maximum efficiency of PSII (F_v/F_m), actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (Ф_PSII), light energy capture efficiency (F_v’/F_m’), photochemical fluorescence quenching (q_P) and the ration of absorbed light in photochemistry (P) were significantly increased, while minimal fluorescence (F_o) and the ratio of thermal dissipation (D) were decreased in melon whole growth period. The above results indicated that the proper pattern of combined application was 20 844 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer and 1 109 kg·hm-2 compound fertilizer (T2) under this experimental condition, to increase chlorophyll content, capture and converse solar energy, and thus improving melon growth.

Key words: organic and inorganic compound fertilizer; melon; growth and development; chlorophyll fluores-cence characteristics